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发表于 2014-3-31 18:10:09
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本帖最后由 何航 于 2014-3-31 18:11 编辑
目前我国多地公交和地铁系统中关于公交“充值卡”的英语译文还有被称为stored-value card,即所谓的“储值卡”,如南京地铁系统的语音提示系统在英语播报的时候就这么说,但是这个说法也不靠谱。首先,store作为动词作“存储”解释时指的是A stock or supply reserved for future use,即把某件物品存储起来以备日后使用,这个释义与这里的“储值”就不对应了。国外某投资网站对store of value条目做了如下解释:Any form of commodity, asset, or money that has value and can be stored and retrieved over time,即任何具有价值的商品、资产或金钱都可以储存起来以备日后使用。其次,根据维基百科的解释,stored-value card应用在公交领域时,应该是指不记名的公交卡,请看以下释义:A stored-value card refers to monetary value on a card not in an externally recorded account and differs from prepaid cards where money is on deposit with the issuer similar to a debit card. One major difference between stored value cards and prepaid debit cards is that prepaid debit cards are usually issued in the name of individual account holders, while stored value cards are usually anonymous. 维基百科的上述解释表明,stored value cards是匿名的。据笔者的有限了解,我国的公交卡起初都是匿名的,而现在基本上都是实名制的,所以说应该属于prepaid card。
事实上,关于“充值卡”,现在还有另外一个应用领域,即手机充值卡,这种充值卡在英语中除了可以表示为phone card之外,近来还通常被称为top-up card。Top up是个动词,表示把一个容器填满,就是续杯的意思。现在Top up 这个词组又扩大了其应用的范围。比如给手机充值,或者给公共交通卡充值。Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary 在线词典对top-up card的解释是a card that you buy for a mobile/cell phone so that you can make more calls to the value of the card。Collins English Dictionary 则解释为a card bought by a mobile phone user entitling him or her to a stipulated amount of credit for future calls 。手机充值服务就叫做top-up service,如香港最大电讯公司电讯盈科(PCCW)的在线充值服务网站(Online Top-up Service)对充值服务提供的说明文字Minimum top-up value for each prepaid mobile number is $50 per transaction。从该网站的另一个关于充值和返还话费的说明,我们还可以获得以下一些表达:
充值话费为recharge value,立即返还的话费叫做instant bonus value,有效期则是validity.
此外,手机充值卡也可以表达为pre-paid phone card,如美国联邦贸易委员会(Federal Trade Commission)网站在消费者须知链接页面中对pre-paid phone card使用说明作出的解释一目了然:When you buy a pre-paid phone card, it means you are paying in advance for telephone calling time. 该网站对手机充值卡提供的另一个说法是calling card。
Top up也可以用作动词,所以买充值卡给手机充值可以表达为top up the phone. 此外,给公交卡或手机充值的动词,还可以使用recharge,该单词本意表示给蓄电池或者电器再充电,现在也经常被延伸使用,表示“充值”。另一个超出词汇本义被延伸使用表示充值的动词是reload,如美国运通预付卡American Express Prepaid Card网站关于充值的说明You can reload your Card as often as you wish either online or by phone.加拿大金斯顿市公交公司则对其公交月票的充值做了如下告顾客说明:Monthly passes are sold at sales outlets or for your convenience, you may reload your monthly pass online.这里的recharge和reload均是从其本义延伸而来的形象生动的用法。
综上所述,笔者认为,公交充值卡应该表达为prepaid (IC) card 或者public transport card或者smart card, 手机充值卡可以表达为top-up card/phone card/pre-paid phone card/calling card,“充值”的动词可以用top up, recharge, reload,甚至就可以直接说add money,如I need to add money to my phone。美国运通预付卡网站对于如何给这种卡片充值(load)就有如下的解释:Add money online or by phone, from Direct Deposit, a bank account or with cash。value-added card应该是指具有增值服务的信用卡,value-added service指的是商家在主营业务之外向客户提供的附加服务,这些服务通常是可选的,也是免费的,如手机积分兑换话费,赠送短信和彩信等等。
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